One British reponse to the threat of Napoleon was to ring the English coasts with a series of heavily fortified observation towers. While 43 towers survive in the British Isles, the most famous and the most frequently visited is the one outside Dublin at Sandycove, now a a major James Joyce museum. Canadian towers and American towers inspired by the British ones are also covered in detail.
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One British reponse to the threat of Napoleon was to ring the English coasts with a series of heavily fortified observation towers. While 43 towers survive in the British Isles, the most famous and the most frequently visited is the one outside Dublin at Sandycove, now a a major James Joyce museum. Canadian towers and American towers inspired by the British ones are also covered in detail.
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