This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1869 Excerpt: ...and the misery caused by it. Following the development of the Union system in this branch of industry, we shall point out the various objects at which it aimed, and the improvements which it has accomplished in the miners' existence. Unions were established first in Scotland. Enough has been said to show the miserable ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1869 Excerpt: ...and the misery caused by it. Following the development of the Union system in this branch of industry, we shall point out the various objects at which it aimed, and the improvements which it has accomplished in the miners' existence. Unions were established first in Scotland. Enough has been said to show the miserable condition at that time of the workers in the pits, but even this was a great improvement on what that condition had been previously. Down to 1779 it was literally a state of serfdom. The miners were compelled by law to remain in the pits as long as the owner chose to keep them at work there, and were actually sold as part of the capital invested in the works. If they accepted an engagement elsewhere their master could always have them fetched back and flogged as thieves for having attempted to rob him of their labour. This law was modified in 1779, but was not repealed till after the Acts passed in 1797 and 1799. The abuses, however, of which the workmen were victims, did not disappear all at once: the combination laws were in full force: truck-shops were everywhere established, and in order to oblige their workmen to resort to them and purchase on credit, the masters paid the men only at long intervals. Since the abolition of truck-shops, this deferred payment has given rise to another sort of abuse, of which the workmen still complain bitterly. When a labourer is earning 3?. per fortnight, he may, though he is not paid until the last day of the fortnight, consider himself the lawful owner of 30s. at the end of the first week. But, if he The underground galleries were crowded with women and children, the latter in a state of utter ignorance: the men were kept at work sometimes more than sixteen hours out of the twenty-four, and nothing was do...
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Add this copy of The Trades' Unions of England to cart. $34.53, new condition, Sold by Booksplease rated 3.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Southport, MERSEYSIDE, UNITED KINGDOM, published 2018 by HardPress Ltd.
Add this copy of The Trades' Unions of England to cart. $52.29, new condition, Sold by Media Smart rated 3.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Hawthorne, CA, UNITED STATES, published 2019 by Wentworth Press.
Add this copy of The Trades' Unions of England to cart. $59.74, good condition, Sold by Bonita rated 4.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Newport Coast, CA, UNITED STATES, published 2019 by Wentworth Press.
