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The Hako: Song, Pipe and Unity in a Pawnee Calumet Ceremony

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The Hako: Song, Pipe and Unity in a Pawnee Calumet Ceremony - Fletcher, Alice C, and Murie, James R, and Tracy, Edwin S (Translated by)
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One of the more complex and widespread rituals practiced by Native American groups focused on the calumet, a sacred pipe with a feathered shaft. The Calumet Ceremony was a powerful ritual through which members of another tribe were adopted. It also promoted social unity within tribes and facilitated contact and trade between them. Perhaps the most detailed description of a Calumet Ceremony was recorded near the turn of the century by ethnographer Alice C. Fletcher. Fletcher witnessed the Hako, a version of the Calumet ...

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The Hako: Song, Pipe and Unity in a Pawnee Calumet Ceremony 1996, Bison Books, Lincoln, NE

ISBN-13: 9780803268890

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