This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 Excerpt: ...in a solution of cupric hydroxide in ammonium hydroxide. On the addition of an acid to this solution it is precipitated as a white, amorphous mass. Cellulose is insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, and all ordinary solvents. Strong sulphuric acid dissolves it, and on diluting with water white flakes separate. When ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 Excerpt: ...in a solution of cupric hydroxide in ammonium hydroxide. On the addition of an acid to this solution it is precipitated as a white, amorphous mass. Cellulose is insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, and all ordinary solvents. Strong sulphuric acid dissolves it, and on diluting with water white flakes separate. When boiled with dilute sulphuric acid, it is slowly converted into dextrin and dextrose, and sometimes into mannose. When cotton-wool is steeped in a cold mixture of 1 part of strong nitric and 3 parts of sulphuric acid for a few minutes, squeezed as dry as possible, placed in fresh acid for forty-eight hours, then pressed dry, and finally washed thoroughly in water, then in a weak solution of wxlium carbonate, it possesses great explosive properties, and is called gun-cotton, C12H14O, (NO, ), . The appearance and physical properties of the cotton remain unchanged, but it becomes a nitrate of cellulose, the composition varying with the mode of preparation. It is used for charging torpedoes and submarine mines. It is the basis of one of the best of the smokeless powders, indurite. It is also used in the manufacture of artificial silk. For this purpose it is dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether and then pressed through fine glass tubes under a pressure of 40 to 50 atmospheres. The fine threads are received into water, which takes up the solvent, and when ten to twenty of these threads are spun together may be woven. On treatment of the fabric with a solution of CaS the NO, groups are removed, leaving the cellulose looking like silk. Pyroxylin, Pyroxylinum (U. S. P.), is a cellulose trinitrate, containing less NOa groups than gun-cotton. It is prepared by dipping cotton into a mixture of 14 parts HNOs and 22 parts of H, SO4, allowing it to steep for t
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