Radford's Cyclopedia of Construction Volume 2; Carpentry, Building and Architecture, Based on the Practical Experience of a Large Staff of Experts in Actual Construction Work
Radford's Cyclopedia of Construction Volume 2; Carpentry, Building and Architecture, Based on the Practical Experience of a Large Staff of Experts in Actual Construction Work
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1909 Excerpt: ...for the foundation above and at the same time ties the piles together. It frequently happens that the piles do not reach the firm soil owing to its great depth. In this case the load is wholly supported by the friction of the earth on the sides of the piles; which, however, is generally found ample except in the case ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1909 Excerpt: ...for the foundation above and at the same time ties the piles together. It frequently happens that the piles do not reach the firm soil owing to its great depth. In this case the load is wholly supported by the friction of the earth on the sides of the piles; which, however, is generally found ample except in the case of large building and engineering operations. The materials commonly used in the walls of buildings are brick and stone, and within the last few years cement blocks have been used to a great extent and with very satisfactory results. The locality in which the building is being erected and the purposes for which it is intended determine largely the material which is to be used. Thus in a district where stone is easily obtained this material is naturally used; while in places where clay is abundant, bricks are largely employed. Bricks are to be preferred to the stone in that they lend themselves more readily to regular arrangement and to a system of bonding. Bonding is the arrangement of the bricks to overlap each other so that no continuous vertical joints occur either on the face or the inside of the wall. This is necessary as the mortar joints are the weakest part of a wall, and if the vertical joints were made continuous, the wall would tend to give way along these lines. The thickness of mortar joints varies according to the quality of the brick used. Pressed brick, with edges straight and true, only requires a joint one-eighth of an inch thick; ordinary brick joints at from one-quarter to three-eighths of an inch; s while common brick frequently have as much as five-eighths of an inch at the joint. Stretchers are the bricks laid with their lengths in the direction of the length of the wall. Headers are the brick laid with their lengths acro...
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