This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 edition. Excerpt: ...pp. 300--350, is good. Cf. Liberatore On Universals (Trans.), Op. II., and Psychologia, c. iv. art. 6, and Boedder, Psychologic, c. iii. CHAPTER XV. JUDGMENT AND REASONING. Under the term thinking, besides the formation of concepts, there are included the operations of judgment and reasoning or ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 edition. Excerpt: ...pp. 300--350, is good. Cf. Liberatore On Universals (Trans.), Op. II., and Psychologia, c. iv. art. 6, and Boedder, Psychologic, c. iii. CHAPTER XV. JUDGMENT AND REASONING. Under the term thinking, besides the formation of concepts, there are included the operations of judgment and reasoning or inference. These several processes are, however, merely different exercises of the same faculty, the intellect. As we have already in chapter xiii. dwelt on some of the most important aspects of judgment, we shall handle this subject briefly here. We shall also in the present chapter examine the special features of the form of judicial activity exhibited in belief and conscience. Definition of Judgment.--A judgment is that mental act which is signified in an oral proposition, such as, " Gold is heavy." It has been defined as tlte mental act by which we perceive the agreement or disagreement between two Ideas, and also as the mental act by which something is asserted or denied. St. Thomas himself defines it as an act of intellect whereby the mind combines or separates two terms by affirmation or denial. If the first definition is employed, it should be remembered that the word " idea" here means, not the state of consciousness, but the objective concept (conceptus objectivus), the attribute in the external thing corresponding to the subjective idea. Locke and some other modern writers have taught that the formal object of the judgment is the agreement or disagreement, the congruence or conflict of two subjective notions. This is an error based on a false view of the nature of cognitive consciousness. The most essential feature of all knowledge, except of course that which is reached by introspection, is its objective import. But in man the judicial...
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