Excerpt from Principles of Botany Botany is the science which treats of plants. It considers the structure and functions of individuals, recognizes their neighbor hood relations as citizens Of plant communities, and studies their positions as members of the plant kingdom more or less closely related by common descent. The study of the individual plant embraces a variety of topics, and the examination of its relation to others introduces many more subjects. Morphology is the science of form and structure. Under this head ...
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Excerpt from Principles of Botany Botany is the science which treats of plants. It considers the structure and functions of individuals, recognizes their neighbor hood relations as citizens Of plant communities, and studies their positions as members of the plant kingdom more or less closely related by common descent. The study of the individual plant embraces a variety of topics, and the examination of its relation to others introduces many more subjects. Morphology is the science of form and structure. Under this head are studied the forms of plant bodies and the portions of which they are composed. All plants except the very simplest are made up of parts, called organs, which are structures devel oped for particular kinds of work. Thus the stems, roots, and leaves are organs, and SO are also the parts of a flower. Morphol ogy establishes the relationships of organs which seem at first glance very dissimilar, as when leaves take the form of bud scales or spines or tendrils. Morphology traces the degeneration of parts which frequently cease to perform the work for which they were originally developed and become much Simplified in structure or almost disappear. Thus the tendrils of the wood bine are shown to be morphologically branches reduced to mere organs of attachment. Although morphology deals with the plant with less regard to its character as a living being, it Should never be entirely separated from physiology, but Should go hand in hand with that Sister subject, equally necessary to an understanding of plant life. Plant physiology treats of the plant in action, how it lives, respires, feeds, grows, and produces others like itself. It dis cusses the nature of the material In which the life activities of the plant have their origin, and the conditions as regards light, heat, air, and moisture under which life 13 possible. It considers the raw materials out of which plant food 18 made, the processes by which the manufacture is carried on, and the means by which food once produced is transported throughout the plant body. The mode of growth of plants is an extended and most impor tant topic, and the processes by which reproduction is carried on are so numerous and complicated that they constitute one of the most diflicult and interesting departments of botany. In order to go far into the details of the life activities of plants one needs to know a good deal of chemistry and some physics. But there are many of the phenomena of plant physiology which can be taken up with profit in an elementary way and investi gated with rather simple apparatus. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at ... This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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