CONTENTS Acknowledgments Chapter I. Living in Space Background A Framework for Forecasting Guiding Assumptions Theoretical Orientation The Available Data Space Environments The Physical Environment The Social Environment Basic Reactions to Space-like Environments Temporal Fluctuations Summary and Conclusions Chapter II. Behavioral and Selection Implications of Biomedical Changes Physiological Deconditioning Simulation Studies Resistance to Deconditioning Countermeasures Vestibular Alterations Manifestations and Theory ...
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CONTENTS Acknowledgments Chapter I. Living in Space Background A Framework for Forecasting Guiding Assumptions Theoretical Orientation The Available Data Space Environments The Physical Environment The Social Environment Basic Reactions to Space-like Environments Temporal Fluctuations Summary and Conclusions Chapter II. Behavioral and Selection Implications of Biomedical Changes Physiological Deconditioning Simulation Studies Resistance to Deconditioning Countermeasures Vestibular Alterations Manifestations and Theory Resistance to Vestibular Effects Countermeasures Visual Changes Summary and Conclusions Chapter III. Habitability Background The Physical Environment Interior Space Food Hygiene Temperature and Humidity Decor and Lighting Odor Noise Health and Leisure Recreation Exercise Privacy Meaning and Functions Theory Bases of Needs Mechanisms Crowding Territoriality Privacy in Space Complex Effects Multiple Stressors Aftereffects Summary and Conclusions Chapter IV. Performance Describing Performance Work Requirements in Space Human Performance Abilities Assessment of Human Performance Discrete-task Assessment Techniques Multiple-task Batteries Partial- and Full-scale Simulation In-flight Performance Assessment Future Focus of Research on Performance Assessment Issues in Astronaut Work Regimes Factors Affecting Work Capacity Factors Affecting Work Schedules Factors Affecting Workload The Effects of Desynchronosis Sleep Disturbances Summary and Conclusions Chapter V. Small Groups Introduction Individual Characteristics and Crew Compatibility Gender Age Culture Personal Attractiveness Emotional Stability Competence Cooperativeness Social Versatility Similarities and Complementarities Group Homeostasis Crew Size and Social Compatibility Assembling Groups Interpersonal Dynamics Leadership Cohesiveness Compliance, Conformity, and Independence Group Performance Temporal Dynamics Summary and Conclusions Chapter VI. Communication Introduction Direct Interpersonal Communication Verbal Communication Nonverbal Communication Mediated Communication Planning Considerations Systems Requirements Systems Effects Application to Space Communication Networks Internal Communication External Communication Summary and Conclusions Chapter VII. Crises Introduction Externally Precipitated Crises Experience in Space Individual Response to Threat Group Processes Implications for Space Internally Precipitated Crises Psychological Episodes Transcendant Experiences Substance Abuse Grief Crisis Intervention Implications for Space Summary and Conclusions Chapter VIII. Organization and Management Introduction Spacecrew Structure Power Structures Work Roles Normative Structures Motivation Rewards Sanctions External Relations Boundary Roles Interorganizational Conflict Models of Conflict Management Reassimilation Summary and Conclusions Chapter IX. Summary and Recommendations Purpose Chapter Summaries Directions for Future Research General Research Issues Extended Spaceflight Variables Competing Perspectives Neglected Research Areas Research Opportunities Situations and Environments Methods and Approaches Conclusions References Author Index Subject Index
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Add this copy of Living Aloft: Human Requirements for Extended to cart. $29.63, new condition, Sold by Ingram Customer Returns Center rated 5.0 out of 5 stars, ships from NV, USA, published 2005 by University Press of the Pacific.
Add this copy of Living Aloft; Human Requirements for Extended to cart. $45.00, good condition, Sold by Ground Zero Books, Ltd. rated 4.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Silver Spring, MD, UNITED STATES, published 1985 by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical....
Edition:
1985, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical...
Publisher:
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical...
Published:
1985
Language:
English
Alibris ID:
14563495627
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Jack Perlmutter. Good. xiv, [1], 419, [1] pages. Illustrations (some in color). References. Author Index. Subject Index. Name in ink on title page. Front cover has noticeable scuff at bottom half. Ink mark noted at page 294. This was prepared at the NASA Ames Research Center. Since the earliest days of spaceflight, substantial concern has been expressed regarding the physical needs of astronauts, including any biological damage that might result from exposure to radiation or from reduction in gravitational forces. In contrast, relatively little concern has been directed towards people's psychological and social adjustment to space. At one time this difference in emphasis was justified. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo flights were measured in hours and days and it could be reasonably assumed that astronauts would be able to withstand certain deprivations for these brief periods. The longer flights of Skylab presented a different picture. Early in the development of Skylab, it was recognized that steps would have to be taken to accommodate a wider variety of human needs. However, the needs that were addressed remained narrowly defined and centered primarily on habitability considerations. The authors felt that we are now at the point in the development of spaceflight where the range of psychological and social requirements of the human participant must be given full consideration. Whatever the specific projects or time frames, it seems clear that tomorrow's manned spaceflights will involve large numbers of people living and working together under close confines and in "unnatural" environments for long periods of time. Because tomorrow's astronauts are likely to expect, and even demand, greater autonomy in living and working arrangements, the planners' perspective must extend beyond concern for effective functioning within the space community and encompass the relationship between the space community and the home planet. In this book they attempt to identify and assess, in a serious and systematic fashion, the psychological and social problems that may be associated with future space missions, and to explore some possible solutions. This task involves establishing both a structure in which relevant issues can be considered and a level of analysis that can contribute to a scientifically based understanding of human adaptation to space.
