This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1879 Excerpt: ... the confusion which was caused by the vowel and the aspirate being represented by the same symbol. This differentiation was effected in different modes by different nations. In Italy the character H was retained to denote the aspirate, while in Greece the vowel continued to be expressed by the unaltered symbol H, out ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1879 Excerpt: ... the confusion which was caused by the vowel and the aspirate being represented by the same symbol. This differentiation was effected in different modes by different nations. In Italy the character H was retained to denote the aspirate, while in Greece the vowel continued to be expressed by the unaltered symbol H, out of which, F by successive curtailments, the signs b, r, c, and were developed to denote the aspirate. Among the Goths the two powers of the Thracian H came to be distinguished by the simple and obvious device of changing the position of the cross stroke. To denote the vowel the cross stroke was moved upwards, retaining its horizontality, while to express the aspirate the cross stroke was written in a more or less oblique direction. In the very earliest runic inscriptions these changes can be observed in progress. Thus on the Thorsbjerg scabbard, the Dalby diadem, or the Krogstad stone, the e rune has the form n. But in this shape it was liable to confusion with the rune h, which denoted u, and hence we find in inscriptions of a somewhat later date that the cross stroke begins to be drawn with a very slight downward curve or bend, and we get PI for e, as on the knife handle from the Kragehul Moss, and the plane from the Vi Moss. From this form the transition is easy to the final shape M. The adoption of this form involved the correlated change of the m rune from M to M, as has been already noted. Evolution of the Aspirate. 67 The h rune preserved the greatest resemblance to the form of the parent letter, affording another instance of the way in which the alphabets derived from the Thracian and Italian colonies agree in their divergence from the standard Greek forms. On the Buzeo torque the Thracian H stands unaltered, and denotes h. Other very ...
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